A study published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research examined the effectiveness of mindfulness-based programming (MBP) for university students, particularly focusing on those with a history of nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI). The randomized controlled trial compared formal mindfulness (FM) and informal mindfulness (IM) programs against an inactive control group. Participants included 127 students with a history of NSSI and 100 without.

Results showed that both FM and IM programs effectively improved dispositional mindfulness, well-being, and psychological need satisfaction, with benefits lasting for a month after the programs. However, neither program enhanced awareness, stress management, or academic engagement. The study also found high acceptability for both programs, with a slight preference for IM immediately after the sessions.

These findings suggest that both FM and IM can be beneficial within university settings, emphasizing the importance of addressing diverse student needs and preferences in mental health programming. The study highlights the potential of integrating both approaches into MBP to support student mental health effectively.