The United States hosts over 200,000 Afghan refugees, many of whom face challenges integrating into society, especially women. The COVID-19 pandemic has worsened these difficulties, impacting Afghan refugee women’s lives significantly. A study conducted in California involved semi-structured interviews with 34 Afghan refugee women and 18 service providers to explore how the pandemic has affected their integration. The analysis identified various challenges linked to socio-ecological factors, such as changes in roles, financial illiteracy, language barriers, cultural adaptation issues, and systemic obstacles in employment and education. Additionally, patriarchal culture and administrative overload were highlighted as complicating factors. Conversely, empowerment through education and employment, support from family and community, social interactions, childcare assistance, awareness of laws and rights, and access to culturally competent job opportunities were found to facilitate integration. The study emphasizes the need for targeted policies and programs to address the unique challenges Afghan refugee women face and improve their integration into U.S. society following the pandemic.