Severe acute brain injuries, such as stroke, traumatic brain injury, and hypoxic-ischemic injury, pose significant challenges for patients and their caregivers. Holistic, long-term care is essential for effectively managing these conditions. Recent advancements in treatment have improved survival rates, resulting in more individuals living with the long-term implications of severe brain injuries. Each year, millions suffer from these injuries, leading to considerable mortality and disability.

Long-term management should encompass continuous support tailored to various care goals, including curative, restorative, and palliative approaches. Addressing the total pain of patients involves not only managing physical symptoms but also providing emotional, social, and spiritual support to enhance their quality of life and that of their families. A multidisciplinary team is vital for accurate diagnosis and informed treatment decisions. Effective communication regarding prognosis and care goals is crucial for preparing patients and families for the future. In the final stages of life, compassionate care focusing on comfort and quality of life is important, along with clear discussions about end-of-life preferences.