A study examined the availability of onsite childcare in U.S. residency programs and its impact on female resident representation. Analyzing data from 3,118 residency programs across the 10 largest specialties in 2022, researchers found that 77.5% of these programs did not offer onsite childcare. The percentage of female residents was significantly lower in programs without onsite childcare compared to those with it. Specifically, programs without childcare had a combined adjusted percentage of female residents that was 1.55 points lower than those with childcare. The study highlights a disparity in childcare support that may contribute to the underrepresentation of women in medical residencies, suggesting that increased availability of onsite childcare could encourage more female participation in these programs.